DALLAS, TX — In 2010, one in three deaths in American adults was caused by CVD, or approximately 2150 deaths each day. To put these numbers in perspective, CVD took the life of one American every 40 seconds [1].
These are the latest figures from the end-of-year statistical update published December 18, 2013 in Circulation by theAmerican Heart Association (AHA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and National Institutes of Health.
However, the report does provide some good news. From 2000 to 2010, the number of deaths attributable to CVD declined 31% and the number of CVD deaths per year declined 16.7%. In 2010, the number of deaths attributed to CV causes was 235.5 per 100 000 individuals. African American males fared the worst, with 369.2 CV deaths per 100 000 individuals.
The report also states that one in six deaths, approximately 380 000 individuals in total, was caused by coronary heart disease in 2010. It is estimated that every 34 seconds an American has a coronary event, and every 83 seconds someone dies from one.
From 2000 to 2010, the number of deaths attributed to stroke declined by 35.8%. Still, there are nearly 800 000 new or recurrent strokes in the US each year.
"In 2010, stroke caused approximately one of every 19 deaths in the United States," writes Dr Alan Go (University of California, San Francisco), first author of the report. "On average, every 40 seconds, someone in the United States has a stroke, and someone dies of one approximately every four minutes."
According to the AHA, hypertension control efforts appear to have had a substantial effect on declines in stroke mortality. "Control of diabetes mellitus and high cholesterol, and smoking cessation programs, particularly in combination with hypertension treatment, also appear to have contributed to the decline in stroke mortality," states the report.
Although there has been an improvement in hypertension control, 33% of American adults, or 78 million people, have hypertension. In African Americans, the prevalence of hypertension is 44%. Equally concerning, nearly 20 million Americans have diabetes, or 8.3% of the population. This number is considerably higher when the estimated 8.2 million Americans with undiagnosed diabetes are factored in. An estimated 14% of Americans have elevated serum cholesterol levels.
Not surprisingly, the number of inpatient CV procedures is on the rise in the US. Between 2000, when 5.9 million procedures were performed, and 2010, when 7.6 million procedures were performed, there was a 28% increase. The total direct and indirect cost of CVD and stroke was estimated at more than $315 billion, higher than the estimated $201 billion cost of cancer in the US.
The View North of the Border
In addition to the AHA report, Canadian researchers also got in on the end-of-year act, publishing data that suggest less than 10% of adults are in ideal CV health [2]. For Canadian kids, the situation is even more dire, with just one in five kids reported to be in ideal CV health.
Published online December 23, 2013 in the Canadian Medical Association Journal, the report states an adult is in ideal CV health if they are a nonsmoker, have a body mass index <25 kg="" m="" style="font-size: 0.85em; line-height: 0;" sup="">2
First author Laura Maclagan (Institutes for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON) and senior investigator Dr Jack Tu (University of Toronto, ON) report that 9.4% of adults are in ideal CV health, whereas 37.3% are in poor health (defined as zero to three ideal CV health factors). For those aged 12 to 19 years, 16.6% are in ideal CV health and are in poor CV health. Overall, women fared better than men, but the heart health of boys and girls was similar.
"Although the levels of physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, and smoking appear to be improving, worsening levels of obesity, hypertension, and diabetes require further attention," write the authors.
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